American Board of Surgery Qualifying Exam (ABS QE) Practice Test

Which side effect is associated with Sirolimus use?

1. Pneumonia

2. Interstitial lung disease

3. Seizures

4. Hyperuricemia

The correct answer is: Interstitial lung disease

Sirolimus, also known as rapamycin, is an immunosuppressant primarily used to prevent organ transplant rejection and in certain cancer therapies. Among its various side effects, interstitial lung disease is particularly significant. This condition involves inflammation and scarring of the lungs, which can affect breathing and overall lung function. The association with Sirolimus arises because this medication can induce pulmonary toxicity, leading to symptoms that can mimic other lung injuries. In understanding why interstitial lung disease is the correct answer, it's important to note that while Sirolimus can have a range of side effects, the presence of lung-related complications such as interstitial lung disease is a well-documented concern, reflected in clinical practice and literature. This phenomenon is thought to occur due to the drug's effects on immune modulation and potential toxicities on lung tissue. Other potential side effects of Sirolimus include hyperuricemia, which may occur due to the drug's interference with renal tubular function, but interstitial lung disease stands out in the context of respiratory complications directly tied to the medication's use. Pneumonia and seizures are not typically highlighted as common side effects of Sirolimus, further reinforcing the specificity and relevance of interstitial lung disease in the context of this