American Board of Surgery Qualifying Exam (ABS QE) Practice Test

What urologic change is often seen in elderly individuals?

1. Increased elasticity of the bladder

2. Decreased collagen content in bladder tissue

3. Development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

4. Improved estrogen levels leading to less incontinence

The correct answer is: Development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

In elderly individuals, the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common urologic change. BPH is characterized by the enlargement of the prostate gland, which can lead to urinary symptoms such as difficulty urinating, increased frequency of urination, and urgency. This condition results from hormonal changes, specifically the effects of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on prostate tissue, which become more pronounced with age. As men age, the prostate may begin to enlarge, leading to obstruction of the urinary flow. This condition is prevalent among older men and is a significant factor in urologic health as it impacts their quality of life. Recognizing BPH as a common issue is essential for healthcare providers when managing urinary symptoms in elderly patients. In contrast, increased elasticity of the bladder, decreased collagen content in bladder tissue, and improved estrogen levels leading to less incontinence are not typical changes associated with aging in the urologic system. The bladder tends to lose elasticity, collagen changes can aggravate issues, and estrogen levels do not necessarily improve conditions like incontinence. Thus, the understanding of urologic health in the elderly highlights BPH as a critical concern.