American Board of Surgery Qualifying Exam (ABS QE) Practice Test

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What is the defining feature of type 2 cholangiocarcinoma?

Only in the common bile duct
Occurs in the hilum
Occurs in the left hepatic duct
Occurs in the right hepatic duct

The correct answer is: Occurs in the hilum

Type 2 cholangiocarcinoma, also known as hilar cholangiocarcinoma, is characterized by its location at the hepatic hilum, where the common bile duct begins to split into the right and left hepatic ducts. This type of cancer typically arises in the bile ducts at the hilum and may involve both the right and left hepatic ducts. The tumor's presence at this pivotal anatomical site often leads to biliary obstruction and significant clinical symptoms, including jaundice. The defining feature of type 2 cholangiocarcinoma is its critical location rather than its occurrence in any specific duct, making the hilum the most significant aspect to consider. This contrasts with other types of cholangiocarcinoma, such as type 1 or type 3, which have different locations and characteristics. Therefore, understanding the typical presentation and the anatomical relationship of type 2 cholangiocarcinoma is crucial for proper diagnosis and management.