American Board of Surgery Qualifying Exam (ABS QE) Practice Test

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How is the mean calculated in a dataset?

  1. By finding the highest value

  2. By subtracting the lowest value from the highest

  3. By adding the scores and dividing by the number of scores

  4. By counting the number of scores

The correct answer is: By adding the scores and dividing by the number of scores

The mean is calculated by adding together all the values in a dataset and then dividing the sum by the total number of values. This method provides a measure of central tendency, giving a representative value that summarizes the distribution of the dataset. It takes into account every value, ensuring that each score contributes equally to the overall average. In contrast, the other options do not provide a means of calculating the average. Identifying the highest value does not account for the other scores present in the dataset. Subtracting the lowest value from the highest yields a range, which indicates the spread of values but not the average. Simply counting the number of scores gives the quantity of data points but does not provide insight into their collective value or average. Thus, option C accurately captures the process of finding the mean, making it the correct choice.

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